Z i n c P r o d u c t i o n Energy Input Energy Input Energy Input Z i n c O r e f r o m M i n e s r a w m a t e r i a l E m i s s i o n s S o l i d W a s t e Z i n c C o n c e n t r a t i o n R e c y c l e d P r o c e s s R e s i d u e s S k i m m i n g s a n d d r o s s f r o m g a l v a n i z i n g p r o c e s s Z i n c E A F D u s t E n d o f L i f e R e c y c l i n g A u t o m o b i l e s a p p l i a n c e s g a l v a n i z i e d p r o d u c t s e t c Z i n c R e f i n i n g Z i n c M e t a l I n g o t s R e a d y f o r g a l v a n i z i n g k e t t l e R e c y c l e d S u l p h u r i c A c i d E m i s s i o n s C O O t h e r R e n e d P r i m a ry M e t a l s C u C d E t c E m i s s i o n s S O C O E t c S o l i d W a s t e 2 2 2 Cleaning Materials acids w ater flux Energy Input Energy Input H o t D i p G a l v a n i z i n g Energy Input Surface Prepar ation degreasing pickling and fluxing HDG Steel Product ready for use Zinc Metal Ingots energy inputs counted in zinc production Recyclable Process Residus skimmings dross in zinc production Zinc metal production and o xides into cosmetics tires etc Galv anizing K ettle Steel Product energy inputs counted in steel production Recycled Sulphuric Acid W astes solid acid Emissions CO acid mist 2 Emissions CO 2 T he final step to determining the LCA production phase for hotdip galv anizing is to ev aluate the energy demands and emissions gener ated by the hotdip galv anizing process itself T he gatetogate study considers the additional energy and emissions of the process beyond the inputs of the steel and zinc Figure 10 below depicts the additional products and enegy required to coat the steel with zinc F igure 10 18