Figure 19 Fuel shift between 1990 and 2017 in the nonferrous metals industr y fnal energy use Source Eurostat EU energy balances 2018 edition While the nonferrous industry is not the largest consumer of electricity compared to other energy intensive industries Iron steel 114 TWh Chemicals 184 TWh nonmetallic min erals 70 TWh 2017 fgures it has the highest share of electricity use amongst the energy intensive industries at 58 of fnal energy use in 2017 This is signifcantly higher than tha iron and steel 35 chemicals 30 and nonmetallic minerals 18 industries Figure 20 R elative shares of energy carriers in the fnal energy use of select energy intensive industries 2017 Source Eurostat 2018 5 NonFerr ous me tals pr oduction pr ocesses ener gy use and gr eenhouse gas emissions This chapter will discuss the energy use and GHG emissions from nonferrous metals pro duction as well as the options for further mitigation of GHG emissions as a contribution to the EU s goal of achieving climate neutrality by midcentury A comparison is also drawn of energy use in nonferrous metals production against other energy intensive industries The focus will be on base metals with highest overall energy use e g aluminium copper zinc nick el silicon ferroalloys 5 1 Nonferrous metals production electrointensive production processes Figure 18 Evolution of fnal energy use in the nonferrous metals industry P J Source Eurostat EU energy balances 2018 edition T otal energy use in 2017 by the nonferrous metals industry was 432 P etajoule P J 15 less than 1990 510 P J levels There was an important fuel shift over the same period with the use of solid fuels and oil products shifting from respectively 11 and 12 of fnal energy use in 1990 to 3 each in 2017 The share of natural gas share increased from 17 to 35 over the same period Electricity is by far the most important energy carrier for the nonfer rous metals industry with a share of 58 of fnal energy use both in 1990 and 2017 T otal electricity consumption stood at almost 69 TWh in 2017 98 98 Eurostat 2018 For nonferrous metals this includes the fnal energy use from NA CE R ev 2 Group 244 and NA CE R ev 2 Classes 2453 and 2454 Final energy consumption covers the consumption by the nonferrous metals industry This refers to fuel quantities consumed by the industrial undertaking in support of its primary activities For heat only or CHP plants only the quantities of fuels consumed for the production of heat by auto producers are applicable Quantities of fuels consumed for the production of heat that is sold for the production of electricity and the quantities of cok e transformed into blastfurnace gas are reported under the energy transformation sector 2020 2015 2010 2005 2000 1995 1990 300 350 400 450 500 550 15 Other T otal 509Pj T otal 432Pj 2017 1990 Electricity Natural gas Oil products Solid fossil fuels 11 3 3 12 17 35 58 58 Nonferrous metals Iron steel Chemical petrochemical Nonmetallic minerals Manufactured gases Heat R enewables and waste Solid fossil fuels Oil and petroleum products Natural gas Electricity 18 39 17 12 13 1 30 36 35 30 13 13 2 2 58 35 3 3 2 14 13 6 2 MET ALS IN A CLIMA TE NEUTRAL EUROPE A 2050 BL UEPRINT 40